====== LOASH ======

===== Description =====

Constitutive law for loading plane membrane and shell elements: 
  * Plane membrane element ([[elements:mem2d|MEM2D]]) ;
  * Thin plane shell elements ([[elements:kirsh|KIRSH]]) ;
  * Thick plane shell elements ([[elements:minds|MINDS]]).

==== The model ====

This law is used for mechanical analysis of membranes and shells, loaded by uniform pressure and shear, normal and tangential to the mid line $\xi$ at any moment.\\

Loading can be driven either by force multiplicator (MULTF) or displacement multiplicator (MULTD).

==== Files ====

Prepro: LLOASH.F \\

===== Availability =====

|Plane stress state| NO |
|Plane strain state| NO |
|Axisymmetric state| NO |
|3D state| NO |
|Generalized plane state| YES |

===== Input file =====

==== Parameters defining the type of constitutive law ====

^ Line 1 (2I5, 60A1)^^
|IL|Law number|
|ITYPE| 96|
|COMMENT| Any comment (up to 60 characters) that will be reproduced on the output listing|

==== Real parameters ====

^ Line 1 (2G10.0) ^^
|PRESSF| Pressure $p_o$ (which will be multiplied by MULTF) |
|TAUF| Shear $\tau_o$ (which will be multiplied by MULTF) |
^ Line 2 (2G10.0) ^^
|PRESS| Pressure $p_o$ (which will be multiplied by MULTD) |
|TAUD| Shear $\tau_o$ (which will be multiplied by MULTD) |

===== Stresses =====

==== Number of stresses ====

2

==== Meaning ====

|SIG(1)| = $p$ : Pressure (= $p_o$ * MULT) |
|:::| > 0 according with $\eta$-coordinate of shell (membrane) |
|SIG(2)| = $\tau$ : Shear (= $\tau_o$ * MULT) |
|:::| > 0 according with $\xi$-coordinate of shell (membrane) |


===== State variables =====

==== Number of state variables ====

1

==== List of state variables ====

|Q(1)| Without any meaning |